1902 - Cuban Independence and Black Soldiers

May 20, 1902, marks the official date of Cuban independence from U.S. military occupation, and it’s essential to highlight the key role Afro-Cuban soldiers played in this freedom. Black Cubans were at the forefront of the fight against Spanish colonialism in the Cuban War of Independence (1895–1898), making up a significant portion of the Liberation Army. Leaders like Antonio Maceo, known as “The Bronze Titan,” led guerrilla campaigns that directly influenced the collapse of Spanish power. Despite their contributions, Afro-Cubans were marginalized in the new republic and often excluded from political power. Still, their sacrifice is a cornerstone of Cuba’s national identity. May 20 is both a celebration and a reminder: the island\’s independence was built on the blood and strategy of Black revolutionaries. Honoring this day includes recognizing the Afro-Cuban legacy of resistance, leadership, and sacrifice in shaping modern Cuban history.