1964 – Malcolm X Speaks in Detroit: “The Ballot or the Bullet” Revisited

On May 13, 1964, Malcolm X delivered a follow-up speech in Detroit reinforcing his now-famous “Ballot or the Bullet” message. Speaking with a mix of fiery urgency and strategic clarity, he warned African Americans that time was running out to achieve justice through the democratic process. Malcolm’s speech urged Black people to stop waiting on white politicians and to use both electoral power and self-defense to gain civil rights. His message resonated with those frustrated by the slow progress of integration and the increasing violence faced by civil rights activists. The May 13 speech reaffirmed Malcolm X’s shift toward political organizing beyond religious lines and underscored his commitment to global Black solidarity. Though often mischaracterized, his message was one of empowerment, civic engagement, and dignity. This date underscores the enduring relevance of Black political self-determination in the face of systemic resistance.