1981 – Djibouti Becomes a One-Party State

On June 6, 1981, the Republic of Djibouti, a small but strategically significant country in the Horn of Africa, formally became a one-party state under the leadership of President Hassan Gouled Aptidon. Though the country had gained independence from France in 1977, political power quickly consolidated into the hands of the People\’s Rally for Progress (RPP). The move marked a turning point in Djibouti’s post-colonial trajectory, curtailing political pluralism and setting the stage for later unrest. While the country has since transitioned to multi-party politics, this moment reflects the broader pattern of post-independence challenges faced by African nations—balancing sovereignty with democratic development. Djibouti’s politics remain complex, with its geostrategic location continuing to draw global military and economic interest.