On June 2, 1976, South African activist Steve Biko published one of his final essays under the pseudonym “Frank Talk” in the journal Black Review. In this piece, Biko explored the psychological toll of apartheid and called for a new Black consciousness rooted in pride, self-determination, and resistance. Just weeks before his brutal arrest and murder by police, the essay galvanized youth movements and sharpened the intellectual clarity of the 1976 Soweto Uprising. Biko’s fearless writing on this date left an enduring legacy that continues to influence Black liberation movements globally, from South Africa to the African diaspora.
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