In 1884, John Tengo Jabavu, a Xhosa intellectual and political activist, launched Imvo Zabantsundu (“Native Opinion”), the first Black-owned newspaper in South Africa. His publication marked a turning point in African journalism, offering a powerful counter to colonial narratives and amplifying African perspectives.
Operating from King William’s Town, Imvo Zabantsundu served as more than just a newspaper—it became a political and cultural movement. Jabavu used it to push for African civil rights, protest unjust laws, and promote education across the Xhosa and broader African communities. Unlike white-owned newspapers of the era, Imvo consistently championed native South African voices and addressed urgent issues like land theft, unfair taxation, and racial discrimination.
Although liberal white patrons initially offered support, Jabavu insisted on full editorial control. He shaped the newspaper to reflect African priorities, staying true to his community’s needs. He published most of the content in Xhosa, with some English, ensuring accessibility for African readers and empowering them through culturally grounded reporting.
Imvo Zabantsundu inspired future Black-owned media in South Africa. It built a legacy of journalism rooted in resistance, truth-telling, and the elevation of Black voices.
